{"id":317,"date":"2020-08-18T19:23:47","date_gmt":"2020-08-18T20:23:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.linux-tutorial.info\/?page_id=77"},"modified":"2020-08-22T19:26:00","modified_gmt":"2020-08-22T20:26:00","slug":"this-is-the-page-title-toplevel-152","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.linux-tutorial.info\/?page_id=317","title":{"rendered":"Ethernet"},"content":{"rendered":"\nEthernet<\/title>\n<p>\nLinux supports two of the major <glossary>network<\/glossary>\ntypes: <glossary>Ethernet<\/glossary>\nand token-ring. Ethernet could be\nlabeled as the great grand-father of all the other <glossary>network<\/glossary>\ntypes. It was developed in the 1970s by\nXerox for linking computers to printers. Although not very wide spread at first, <glossary>Ethernet<\/glossary>\nhas since\nexpanded to be (perhaps) the most widely spread type of <glossary>network<\/glossary>.\n<\/p>\n<question id=\"\" type=\"MC\" text=\"What is CSMA\/CD?\" \/>\n<p>\nThe principle behind\nEthernet is called <glossary>Carrier Sensing, Multiple Access with Collision Detection<\/glossary> (CSMA\/CD). What this\nmeans is that every machine on the net sits quietly listening for messages. When one of the machines\nneeds to talk, it waits for a pause and jumps in to send its message. What if two machines\nsimultaneously see the pause and start to send? Well, a collision occurs. This is detected by both\nmachine which wait a random amount of time before they will try again. Although the random amount of\ntime could be the same for both machines, it doesn’t happen too often and each machine eventually\ngets to send its message. The one that didn’t get it’s turn will see that the other one is talking\nand waits.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nBecause there is no guarantee that a specific machine will <em>ever<\/em> get a\nturn on the net, this type of mechanism is referred to as a probabilistic access system, since each\nmachine will probably get access to the system someday. Keep in mind that the busier a <glossary>network<\/glossary>\nis,\nthe greater the chance for collisions and the greater the likelihood that there will be more\nwaiting. This does not mean that more machines mean more collisions. If I am sitting at my machine\ndoing all of my work locally, then the traffic on the <glossary>network<\/glossary>\ncause by my machine is minimal.\nHowever, once I make a connection, the traffic increases.\n<\/p>\n<concept id=\"\" description=\"Ethernet appears in several different forms, depending on it's physical characteristics.\" \/>\n<question id=\"\" type=\"mc\" text=\"What is the Ethernet standard?\" \/>\n<question id=\"\" type=\"MC\" text=\"What is IEEE 802.3?\" \/>\n<p>\nEthernet appears in several\ndifferent forms, depending on it’s physical characteristics. Primarily, these fall into the IEEE\nspecification 802.3, with an average speed of 10MHz. One thing I need to point out is that the\noriginal specification developed at Xerox is not what most people think about when they think about\nEthernet. Rather it is the IEEE 802.3 standard.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nThe most popular ways <glossary>Ethernet<\/glossary>\nappears is\n<glossary>10Base5<\/glossary> (<glossary>Thicknet<\/glossary>), <glossary>10Base2<\/glossary> (<glossary>Thinnet<\/glossary>) and <glossary>10Base-T<\/glossary> (<glossary>Twisted-Pair<\/glossary>) and the 100-Mbit equivalents. The\ngeneral format of these labels is <em>StypeL<\/em>, where <i>S<\/i> is the speed of the cable in\nmegahertz, <i>type<\/i> is the transmission system, in this case baseband versus broadband and the\n<i>L<\/i> is the maximum length of the cable in 100 meters. I have also heard that the last number\nindicates the thickness of the cable in tenths of an inch. Thicknet, as one would guess, is thicker\nthan thin net, but both are coax cable. Twisted pair is similar is format to normal phone cable, but\nmay often have eight separate wires.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nOften times, the <glossary>topology<\/glossary> (layout) of your <glossary>network<\/glossary>\nis dependent on what kind\nof cable you are using. Because it requires a central <glossary>hub<\/glossary>, <glossary>twisted-pair<\/glossary> is usually laid out in a\nstar, with the hub at the center. This is a <glossary>star topology<\/glossary>.\n Thin- and thickwire are usually be spread\nout in a line, or linear topology. This is also called a <glossary>bus topology<\/glossary>.\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ethernet Linux supports two of the major network types: Ethernet and token-ring. Ethernet could be labeled as the great grand-father of all the other network types. It was developed in the 1970s by Xerox for linking computers to printers. Although … <a href=\"http:\/\/www.linux-tutorial.info\/?page_id=317\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">→<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-317","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.linux-tutorial.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/317","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.linux-tutorial.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.linux-tutorial.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.linux-tutorial.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.linux-tutorial.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=317"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.linux-tutorial.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/317\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":551,"href":"http:\/\/www.linux-tutorial.info\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/317\/revisions\/551"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.linux-tutorial.info\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=317"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}